中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
访谈｜明治中国总经理松井：没有比中国更具魅力的市场******
(第五届进博会)访谈｜明治中国总经理松井：没有比中国更具魅力的市场
中新社上海11月6日电 题：访谈｜明治中国总经理松井：没有比中国更具魅力的市场
中新社记者 姜煜
“没有比中国更具魅力的市场。”明治(中国)投资有限公司总经理松井(MATSUI TAMOTSU)在第五届进博会现场接受中新社记者专访时表示。
明治于1916年成立，是日本最大的食品企业，此次首度参展进博会，携乳制品、巧克力/饼干、雪糕、营养食品四大事业板块的“明星产品”亮相，展现其在营养、健康领域的成果，如：凝聚70年乳酸菌科研成果的“明治佰乐益优系列酸奶”、专门为运动爱好者打造的SAVAS匝巴斯系列营养食品等。
明治今年将其原本分散经营的四大事业板块进行了整合，希望由此在中国市场实现更大规模的业务发展、满足中国消费者日趋多样的需求。此次参展进博会也是其旗下系列产品进行一体化运营后的首次亮相。
1989年通过进口开始在华业务、1993年在广州开设巧克力工厂、1994年在广州设立雪糕工厂、2005年在上海建立巧克力饼干工厂、2011年在苏州建造工厂并在上海开始牛奶和酸奶的生产销售，明治在中国已经深耕30余载，业务不断扩展。现在，中国已经是明治最重要的海外市场。
“中国拥有众多人口，GDP也稳步增长，在中国政府共同富裕政策之下，人民的生活和消费水平不断提升。”松井说，“我们相信，作为明治在日本积累起来的营养健康知识、经验与工艺的结晶，我们的产品可以贴近中国消费者的健康需求，为中国消费者不断提供更加具有创新性和更高附加值的产品。”
未来，明治在中国市场的事业将会加速发展，其目标是2023年在中国市场的销售目标为其海外销售目标的近一半、至2026年在中国的销售规模比现在增长3倍以上。据松井透露，为了实现这些愿景，明治正不断扩大对中国的投资，其一是在中国同时进行三个工厂的建设，以提升生产供给能力，这些工厂将陆续于2023年和2024年启动。松井说：“我们甚至都没有在日本同时建造过三个工厂”。
其二是在广州首次尝试建设牛奶/酸奶以及巧克力饼干的复合型工厂，以强化面向中国市场的创新能力，这也是明治首次尝试建设此类工厂。此外，明治也对在中国的原料供应链进行了投资，以确保优质生牛乳的稳定供应。而进行本土产品研发的“商品开发中心”也正在上海加紧施工。
“以上这些投资的总额达到了45亿元人民币以上，我想大家可以体会到明治对于中国市场的重视。”松井说，“此次以‘新朋友’的身份首次亮相进博会，代表着明治开启了在中国市场的新阶段，进一步夯实了品牌积极投入中国健康食品领域的热情与信心。我们期盼与来自世界各地的朋友们在进博会明治展馆相识、结缘。”(完)
